電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學(xue)雙層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器又稱超級(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器，通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液離子(zi)在高表面(mian)積電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)表面(mian)的可逆吸脫(tuo)附來儲(chu)能(neng)。由于不(bu)涉及氧化還原反應等電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷轉移動力學(xue)限制，超級(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器可以(yi)極(ji)高的充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)率下運行，具(ju)有達(da)百萬次的良好循環能(neng)力，使得它們廣(guang)泛(fan)應用(yong)于儲(chu)能(neng)領域。石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)烯理論上可具(ju)有550 F/g的比容(rong)量(liang)，作(zuo)為超級(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)材料備受關(guan)注(zhu)。然而目(mu)前石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)烯基材料的性能(neng)仍(reng)遠遠低于預期(qi)。一方面(mian)，石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)烯的量(liang)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)已(yi)被證明在雙電(dian)(dian)(dian)層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)的建立中(zhong)起著關(guan)鍵作(zuo)…